EAPS

Title: "When minerals break down, volcanoes blow out: the roles of carbon and halogens in igneous processes"

Abstract:
Carbon is one of the most versatile elements with a remarkable chemical bonding flexibility and a range in oxidation numbers (-4 to +4) that enable carbon to participate chemical and physical exchange dynamics between the Earth´s core, mantle, crust and atmosphere. Over 500 occurrences of carbonate-rich igneous rocks (CARBONatites) and large quantities of CO2 being emitted along active volcanic systems to the atmosphere, directly evidence the importance of carbon in large-scale igneous processes in the deep Earth. The role of carbon in alkaline silicate- and carbonatite magma formation and magma evolution within the upper mantle and crust is discussed through high-pressure experimental- and field-based geochemical observations from oceanic hotspots and the East African Rift. Finally, I will speak about subvolcanic melt – mush disequilibrium dynamics and present how mineral breakdown induced melt hybridization triggers violent CO2-driven explosive volcanism.